What can cause itchy dermatoses?

More than a century ago, scientists identified diseases that were later combined into a group of neurodermatitis. They are characterized by severe itching, the possibility of thickening of the skin with multiple folds (lichenification). The etiologies of this group of diseases have not yet been fully studied, so for now they are classified as pruritic dermatoses. This group includes diseases such as:

• prurigo;
• atopic dermatitis;
• polymorphic dermatosis of pregnant women;
• vesicular dermatoses, etc.

Prurigo is otherwise known as "prurigo". There are two forms: the prurigo of Hebra and the prurigo of Gaida.

Prurigo or prurigo

Prurigo Gaida is a fairly rare disease, typical for women aged 30-40 years. The exact causes are unknown, but it is assumed that the basis is hormonal and metabolic disorders, autointoxication. The disease manifests itself in the form of dense nodes ranging in size from cherry to walnut pink, later cyanotic, with a smooth or scaly surface, usually on the folds of the arms and legs, extremely rarely on the body. These nodules are accompanied by severe itching and can persist for years.

Itchy dermatoses photo

Allergic pruritic dermatoses

There are in the considered group of diseases itchy allergic dermatoses. In particular, atopic dermatitis. The manifestation of the disease is based on stress, allergens and heredity. Symptoms include severe itching, intense redness of the skin, the formation of seals, excoriations, peeling and dryness. Conventionally, there are three forms of atopic dermatitis: infant, child and adult. In the first case, the rash spreads to the skin of the face, the folds of the arms and legs. In the second case, the symptoms are characterized by a more pronounced character, but the inflammatory and exudative manifestations are smoothed out. In adulthood, seals are more pronounced, redness can acquire a bluish tint, rashes, in addition to the face and limbs, affect the neck and trunk.

Polymorphic pruritic dermatosis is characteristic of the last trimester of pregnancy. It manifests itself in the form of seals up to 2 mm in diameter on the arms and chest, accompanied by severe itching. The development of rashes takes up to 1.5 weeks, and then disappears within 10 days. The disease does not affect the development of the child.

Another type of itchy dermatoses that are characteristic of women expecting a baby is herpes pregnant. It’s worth mentioning right away that this is in no way connected with the herpes virus. Symptoms of the disease can occur at any stage of pregnancy and even a day after delivery. First, the skin around the navel is affected, after which the disease spreads to the abdomen, thighs, chest, palms, and feet. Itchy seals eventually turn into blisters, which are also accompanied by severe itching. Symptoms go away on their own, but recurrence may occur during menstruation, the next pregnancy, or when taking contraceptive drugs. The disease does not threaten the life of the baby, but at birth it can be hypotrophic.

Treatment and prevention of itchy dermatoses

Most often, the treatment of itchy dermatoses consists in taking sedatives and conducting psychotherapy sessions. The main goal is to find out and eliminate the cause of itching. For this, antihistamines with antipruritic effect (suprastin, diphenhydramine, tavegil) can be prescribed. For the age group (after 50 years), physiotherapeutic agents are recommended - irradiation with ultraviolet rays, radon and hydrogen sulfide baths. Baths made from decoctions of oak bark, chamomile and string have an excellent soothing effect on the skin.

Only in the most severe cases (other methods did not help or the lesions merge), the patient can be prescribed corticosteroid drugs. The dosage should be minimal and strictly regulated by the attending physician, who gradually lowers it. Such patients are strictly prohibited from drinking alcohol, salt, smoked and spicy foods that provoke an exacerbation of itchy dermatoses. The best prevention of relapses and prolongation of remissions is a visit to sea resorts at any time of the year.

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